Turn on the ignition key or run the car, whichever is in the manual, and give time for the scanner to initialize. Some scanner models will need you to press a power button for them to begin the initialization p
NOx ) and oxygen in the tailpipe and a gas analyzer (HORIBA, 2001) in a long line connecting intake manifold and tailpipe as steady-state calibration standard. These sensors are used for collecting dynamic data and some of themas inputs for the model, removing the need of observing some ...