In translesion synthesis (TLS), specialized DNA polymerases (pols) facilitate progression of replication forks stalled by DNA damage. Although multiple TLS pols have been identified in eukaryotes, little is known about endogenous TLS pols and their relative contributions to TLS in vivo because of thei...
15.2.1Family B DNA Polymerases FamilyB DNApolymerases are also called α-likeDNA polymerasesfor their similarity with eukaryoitcDNA polymerase α. The family can be subdivided into three subclasses: cellular, bacterial/viral, and protein-priming DNA polymerases. The subclass of protein-priming DNA ...
(redirected fromDNA polymerases) Thesaurus Medical DNA polymerase n. Any of various enzymes that function in the replication and repair of DNA by catalyzing the linking of dATP, dCTP, dGTP, and dTTP in a specific order, using single-stranded DNA as a template. ...
The third polymerase, Pol III, is primarily responsible for chromosomal DNA duplication, whereas other DNA polymerases are mostly responsible for DNA repair and translesion DNA synthesis. Pol III HE is part of the replicative apparatus that operates at the replication fork, together with a DNA helic...
The conserved lysine residues in polκ and A-family polymerases are physically close to the phosphate moiety, which makes them serve as proton donors for the leaving pyrophosphate36. Our and others’ function studies further support the idea that Lys25 in polκ very likely acts as a proton ...
As a key factor, POLB is essentially required for all forms of base excision repair (BER). It is a 39 kDa protein with both DNA polymerase and dRP lyase activities, which are responsible for the incorporation of new deoxyribonucleotides and the removal of the dRP group, respectively [3,...
True or False: Introns and exons are used for protein translation. True or false? DNA polymerases cannot initiate the synthesis of a new DNA strand; they can only add bases to an existing strand. True or false? RNA is absolutely necessary for your cells to make amino ...
The Roles of DNA Polymerases κ and ι in the Error-free Bypass ofN2-Carboxyalkyl-2′-deoxyguanosine Lesions in Mammalian Cells To counteract the deleterious effects of DNA damage, cells are equipped with specialized polymerases to bypass DNA lesions. Previous biochemical studies re... B Yuan,C...
DnaE-type DNA polymerases belong to the C family of DNA polymerases and are responsible for chromosomal replication in prokaryotes. Like most closely related Gram-positive cells, has two DnaE homologs Pol C and DnaE; both are essential to cell viability. Pol C is an established replicative ...
However, structures of the family A and B polymerases are constrained by having an intrinsic proofreading domain, whereas the ɛ exonuclease domain in the Pol III core is flexibly tethered to α and may thus be able to sample a large volume of space close to the polymerase site, ...