David C. Mitchell M.D. Staff Physician *Orthopedic Clinics of North AmericaMitchell DC. Fractures in brittle bone diseases. Orthop Clin North Am 1972; 3:787-92.Mitchell, D.C. (1972) Fractures in brittle bone diseases. Orthop Clin North Am 3: pp. 787-792...
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whereas osteoblasts produce new bone tissue. To maintain bone integrity, this process must be tightly regulated. Increasing evidence indicates that both iron overload and deficiency affect osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and activity in a manner that disrupts...
McGrory BJ, Klassen RA, Chao EY, Staeheli JW, Weaver AL (1993) Acute fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine in children and adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 75: 988–95 PubMed CAS Google Scholar Patel J, Tepas J, Mollitt D, Pieper P (2001) Pediatric cervical spine ...
bone pain, and fractures. In 2015, an enzyme treatment called asfotase alfa (Strensiq in product name) was approved in the United States and Europe. In Korea, it was approved for reimbursement in 2020 in select patients. This drug is a type of enzyme replacement therapy that replaces the ...
97The rate of bone formation is lower than that of bone absorption; therefore, long-term iron deficiency might cause bone loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis. Clinical trials in patients with iron-deficiency-related anemia have demonstrated that mild iron deficiency enhances bone resorption....
Often, patients with neurodegenerative diseases have bone fractures or reduced mobility linked to osteoarthritis. The bone is a dynamic tissue involved not only in movement but also in the maintenance of mineral metabolism. Bone is also associated with the generation of both hematopoietic stem cells ...
bone weakness. this increases the risk of bone fractures. when degeneration happens to the cells of the central nervous system, such as neurons, the condition is termed as a neurodegenerative disorder. alzheimer’s is a prominent example of this disorder. degenerative diseases are usually caused...
Interestingly, mounting evidence suggests that MSC-EVs contribute to the modulation of bone diseases through the remodeling of angiogenesis. Similar to their parental cells, MSC-EVs regulate bone formation via angiogenesis, involving multiple soluble mediators [56]. For instance, MSC-EVs promote angiogen...
Signalling of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL) through RANK is a critical pathway to regulate the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts and, hence, a master regulator of bone resorption. Increased RANKL activity has been demonstrated in diseases characterised by exc...