Of the seven virus diseases of penaeid shrimp, five are native to the Americas or have become enzootic following their introduction. The shrimp virus diseases in the Americas are increasingly being managed by exclusion using a combination of biosecurity and the practice of culturing domesti...
Native AmericansAutosomal recessive diseasesThe peopling of the Americas by Native Americans occurred in 4 waves of which the last was Nadene language speakers of whom Athabaskans are the largest group. As the Europeans were entering the Southwestern states of the USA, Athabaskan hunting-gathering ...
to come. So none of the human diseases derived from, or shared with, domestic herd animals such ascattle,camels, andpigs(e.g. smallpox, influenza) yet existed anywhere in the Americas. Unlike these animals, theducks,turkeys,alpacas,llamas, and other species domesticated by Native Americans ...
Cacao, tropical evergreen tree grown for its edible seeds. Native to lowland rainforests of South America, cacao is grown commercially in the New World tropics as well as western Africa and tropical Asia. Learn more about the cacao plant and its cultivat
the tribes in the Northwest Territories and Alaska, i.e., there has been a greater period of time for the languageto diversify in this "original home- site" in North America.' Although the languages group these Native American tribes together, their cultural artifacts have diversified greatly....
B cells are essential components of the adaptive immune system and have important roles in the pathogenesis of several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Besides producing antibodies, B cells perform other functions, including antigen presentation to
The Bantu haplotype is the most frequent haplotype in Brazil, while the Benin haplotype predominates in the USA and Jamaica, as a consequence of different patterns of slave traffic to North and South Americas. This heterogeneity may be responsible for differences in the clinical behavior of the ...
(de Miranda and Genersch, 2010;Martin, 2001;Martin et al., 2012;McMahon et al., 2016;Mondet et al., 2014;Wilfert et al., 2016).V. destructorwas originally an ectoparasite of the honeybeeA. cerana, native to south and east Asia, where it causes little damage to its host (Nazzi ...
The final set of variables for the combined models included mean annual temperature and annual precipitation, which are linked to vector or reservoir tolerance and suitability [22, 24, 45]; environmental destruction between 2009 and 2018 which was highly correlated with 2016 native forest/vegetation ...
Chikungunya fever A strain of chikungunya virus isolated during a 2005–2006 outbreak on Reunion Island (an island in the Pacific Ocean) has a mutation1,2 that may facilitate transmission by Aedes albopictus (the Tiger mosquito), which is native to South East Asia, but is now present on all...