Epidemiology, branch of medical science that studies the distribution of disease in human populations and the factors determining that distribution, chiefly by the use of statistics. Unlike other medical disciplines, epidemiology concerns itself with gro
Further progress has been made in the control of endemic diseases including Kashin-Beck (KBD) disease and hydatid disease. KBD is an endemic, chronic and degenerative disease of the bones and joints that occurs primarily in Tibet Autonomous Region but also in other areas of China, Siberia and ...
Until the new sciences of bacteriology and immunology emerged well into the 19th century, this book provided a theoretical basis for the comprehension of endemic disease (that persisting in a particular locality) and epidemic disease (that affecting a number of people within a relatively short ...
1a.1). This is likely due to data limitations and the presence of confounding factors17,38. Measuring range shifts, for instance, requires a strong climate gradient and long-term data that capture disease absence, both of which are rare, particularly in regions where land-use change is not ...
Some EIDs become endemic diseases in affected communities and must be included in recurring public health activities. For example, West Nile virus was first introduced to the Western Hemisphere in the late 1990s and is now an annual threat, causing 41,762 cases from 1999 to 2014 and 1765 ...
whereas increases in the vector-borne or zoonotic disease incidence were observed in northern provinces, particularly Inner Mongolia where vector-borne diseases have been endemic (Fig.1D). In Phase II when the NPIs were most intense, many provinces with increased sexually transmitted or blood-borne ...
1a.1). This is likely due to data limitations and the presence of confounding factors17,38. Measuring range shifts, for instance, requires a strong climate gradient and long-term data that capture disease absence, both of which are rare, particularly in regions where land-use change is not ...
30 Although influenza pandemics since 1918 have not caused mortality on the same scale, it is conceivable that a future pandemic with a particularly virulent strain could cause another large spike in the infectious disease mortality curve. Even as the 20th century closes with much reduced death ...
whereas the disease is endemic in most of SouthAmerica, parts of Europe, and throughout Asia and Africa. The virus is very contagious and is spread primarily by the inhalation of aerosols, which can be carried over long distances. Transmission may also occur by fomites, such as shoes,...
On May 20, the number of confirmed cases around the world stood at 38, all but one of which had no relevant travel history to areas where monkeypox is endemic, the ECDC said in its latest epidemiological update. Monkeypox was first identified in central and west Africa and was first repor...