Although recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in few-shot or zero-shot learning, their effectiveness in clinical diagnosis remains unproven. Here we present MedFound, a generalist medical language model with 176 billion parameters, pre-trained on a large-scale...
assessments lack precision in quantifying clinical observations, while current machine-based methods often treat diagnoses as multi-class classification problems, limiting the diagnoses to a predefined closed-set of curated answers without reasoning the clinical relevance of each variable to the diagnosis. ...
there is also the potential to miss a positive diagnosis based on viral RNA amplification or culture [137]. There is thus a potential role for serodiagnostic assays to provide support for viral infections retrospectively [117,138,139,140,141]. Serodiagnosis can be complementary...
ABSTRACT:Artificial intelligence (AI), or machine learning, is an ancient concept based on the assumption that human thought and reasoning can be mechanized. AI techniques have been used in diagnostic medicine for several decades, particularly in image analysis and clinical diagnosis. During the COVI...
25 In this study, we focused on youths aged 10 years, which is 2 to 3 years earlier than the childhood-onset age of IBD diagnosis. We further examined the association between IBD risk and physical fitness scores and controlled for potential confounders. Consistent with previous studies, we ...
substantia nigra, olfactory bulb, middle temporal gyrus, ventrolateral medulla, nucleus of tractus solitarius, and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (A) and on several key cell types that make up the central nervous system, including neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes (B)....
Therefore, identifying disease-related miRNAs (disease miRNAs) will not only help in the investigation of the pathogenesis of diseases at the molecular level15 but will also facilitate the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. In recent decades, the prediction and ranking of disease-...
Our findings corroborate that more than one pattern of grey matter deterioration with several discernable stages can be identified in the progression of AD. These neuroanatomical subtypes are behaviorally meaningful and provide a door into early diagnosis of AD and prognosis of the disease’s progressio...
It is associated with typical motor symptoms that patients display at the time of clinical diagnosis, such as tremor at rest, rigidity, akinesia, and postural instability [2]. This is caused by the progressive loss of the nigrostriatal neurons in the central nervous system with more than 80% ...
In this case, the criminalization of HIV transmission and mandatory name-based reporting requirements (in the case of HIV diagnosis) are portrayed as deterrents to sex workers’ seeking of HIV testing . In the case of criminalized transmission, the disincentive to testing is that criminal ...