These relationships are specified by adding the inverse of the covariance matrix to the systems of equations for each random effect. Typically, the residuals of all observations are considered to be uncorrelated, and nongenetic covariances are assumed not to exist among animals. For the genetic ...
Equations Inverse and Direct Problems PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICSTaft, Earl JCronin, JaneHale, Jack K
In these equations, the electric field and polarization (Ek and Pi) are first rank tensors, whereas the mechanical stress and strain (Xjk and xij) are second rank tensors. The proportionality constants, dijk and d'ijk in the two equations are third rank tensors known as piezoelectric coeffi...
21 Ten complete data sets were created and missing values were imputed using chained equations and including measurements at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Mean changes and standard errors were estimated for each data set. The Rubin method was used to integrate the results from 10 complete ...
I. Elishakoff. A selective review of direct, semi-inverse and inverse eigenvalue problems for structures described by differential equations with variable coefficients[J]. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering . 2000 (4)Elishakoff, I., ‘A selective review of direct, semi-inverse...
The equations for the four models are described below: (1) Best feature guidance model This first model assumes that when the target and the distractors differ in both shape and texture, the visual system will rely on the dimension that provides the largest contrast (Eq. (6)), indexed by...
Control diagrams, transfer functions, regression equations, and regression coefficients for effective dynamics models describing the relationship between hand interaction force and changes in (a) partnership Inter-torso distance (ITD), (b) the novice's effective arm length (EALN), or (c) the ...
Since the rate equations do not contain a diffusional component, the coefficients a and b cannot be directly related to the simulation parameters k a and k d . While k a determines the rate of transition from encounter to a bound state, a as well includes the formation of diffusional patch...
First, we denote the vector of true (but unknown) parameter values used in all state variable equations as w⋆ and let u⋆:=u(t;w⋆) and Θ⋆:=Θ(u⋆). We also assume that measurements of the system are noisy, so that at each timepoint t all states are observed with ...
These effects are set by the piezoelectric constitutive equations given below [29]: (7.1)[δD]=[sEdtdεT][σE] where δ and σ represent the strain and stress components; D and E refer to the electric displacement and electric field components; s, ε, and δ are the elastic compliance,...