Newcastle disease virus (NDV) affects numerous species of birds and was the reason quarantine regulations for birds entering the United States were established.20 Both velogenic (exotic) NDV and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) are on the United States select agent list, making them a nati...
In the eastern hemisphere, several strains of Newcastle disease virus have been identified and characterized. This disease was an important infectious disease in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Birds of prey can become infected by eating a virus-contaminated food source. It is known that lentogeni...
In the eastern hemisphere, several strains of Newcastle disease virus have been identified and characterized. This disease was an important infectious disease in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Birds of prey can become infected by eating a virus-contaminated food source. It is known that lentogeni...
Newcastle disease is caused by a paramyxovirus and is seen among wild, pet, and domestic birds. Wild birds transmit the infection to domestic bird populations (Mufson, 1989). The zoonotic potential of this agent in the laboratory environment has been realized on numerous occasions (Barkley and Ri...
In addition, cockroaches can carry viruses such as acute hepatitis b virus, enterovirus, poliovirus, Newcastle disease virus and adenovirus (Goralska et al., 2013; Vazirianzadeh et al., 2014). Cockroaches are the vital allergen of human skin, rhinitis, asthma, chronic idiopathic urticaria, etc...
Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (2019) Google Scholar Taylor et al., 2007 S. Taylor, M.J. Zvolensky, B.J. Cox, B. Deacon, R.G. Heimberg, D.R. Ledley, et al. Robust dimensions of anxiety sensitivity: Development and initial validation of the Anxiety Sensitivity...
The viruses that cause WEE and St. Louis encephalitis have both been detected inO. sylviarumfrom nests of wild birds in North America. In the case of WEE virus, it has been shown to persist in avian hosts and to be transmitted by bite to other birds.Newcastle disease virushas been detect...
Newcastle Disease virus A paramyxovirus (avian paramyxovirus-1) that causes the disease, fowl-pest, in poultry; the lethality of different strains varies and highly virulent strains can cause major mortality in all species of birds. nexilin An F-actin binding protein (nelin, 675aa) involved in...
Introduction of Newcastle disease virus into a country has been the result of smuggling of exotic birds and illegal trade in poultry and poultry products. Recent outbreaks of Newcastle disease in Australia and the United Kingdom were the result of specific mutations within the F protein gene, ...
Serum IL-34 level was assessed using quantitative ELISA (enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay) by (WH-1752, Wkea Med Supplies Corp, Changchun, Jilin, China). 2 ml of venous blood was collected and kept at −70 °C until analysed. This assay employs sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. A ...