In our review, we asked the following questions: 1) What are the direct and indirect mechanisms that extreme climate events affect individual insects? 2) What are the effects of extreme climate events on insect populations and demography? 3) What are the implications of the extreme climate ...
Jiang, Ranxi and Stella C. Chia (2009), "The direct and indirect effects of advertising on materialism of college students in China," Asian Journal of Communication, 19 (3), 319-336.Jiang, R. & Chia, S. C. (2009).The direct and indirect effects of advertising on materialism of ...
3.7 General Path-specific Effects 4. 结论 相关文章 前言 Judea Pearl是图灵奖得主,因果推断的奠基人之一。由于阅读的论文中涉及到反事实推断中Total Effect(TE), Natural Direct Effect(NDE), Total Indirect Effect(TIE)等概念,涉及到反事实推断方法的核心,因此前来拜读一下Pearl老爷子二十年前发表的这篇论文。
If and how eutrophication influences the persistent soil seed bank is poorly understood. Here, we hypothesized that eutrophication alters the composition o
1. Public Health Preparedness History and Policy 2. Public Health Preparedness Capabilities 3. Community Disaster Resilience 4. At-Risk Populations 5. Disaster Behavioral Health 6. Bioterrorism 7. Bombings and Explosions 8. Chemical Hazards and Disasters 9. Earthquakes 10. Emerging and Reemerging Infe...
We estimate this indirect effect using a flexible functional form cost function. Total factor productivity and the direct and indirect productivity effects of environmental regulations are presented for five polluting industries. We find that the indirect effect can be either positive or negative, and ...
PIE: Pure Indirect Effect. 主要内容 graph LR X(X) -->Z(Z) --> Y(Y) X --> Y 设想, 药物(X)的影响通过俩种途径: 直接对身体产生的影响; 服用药物(X)会导致头疼, 故患者大概率会服用镇痛剂, 镇痛剂会利于(或者不利于)恢复. 如果我们直接计算causal effect, 则二者都会纳入其中, 但是往往我们所...
The Direct and Indirect Effects of Advertising Spending on Firm Value: A Compendium M. Hanssens, 2010, "The Direct and Indirect Effects of Advertising Spending on FirmValue," Journal of Marketing 74, 20-33... A Joshi,DM Hanssens - Long-Term Impact of Marketing 被引量: 1发表: 2018年 LABE...
16.6).70 The outbreak has also increased inequalities globally, where vulnerable groups have been increasingly exposed to direct and indirect effects of the pandemic.15,72, 73, 74 Poor families are getting poorer, marginalized individuals and groups are more likely to get infected and die due to...
the effects of various emulsification factors (emulsification method, emulsifier type and concentration, oil type and oil/water ratio, salinity, pH, and temperature) on the key emulsion characteristics (droplet size and distribution, zeta potential, interfacial tension (IFT), flowability, and stability...