The problem of diffraction of a plane scalar wave by a narrow cone is considered. The shape of the cone is arbitrary. The boundary condition is the Dirichlet or Neumann one. The wave scattered by the cone vertex arises as a result of the diffraction process. The subject of this paper is...
Lens MTF response can never exceed the diffraction-limited response, but system MTF response often exceeds it at medium spatial frequencies as a result ofsharpening, which is (and should be) present in most digital imaging systems. In addition to lens response, system MTF response is affected by...
The angular dispersion can therefore be used as a figure of merit, but it must be remembered that the parameter of ultimate importance is the grating resolution divided by the axial mode spacing of the external cavity. (For a detailed description of multiple-prism grating dispersion, see Chapter...
The contrast in X-ray reflectivity using hard X-rays (with photon energies of approximately 10 keV) arises largely from the total electron density of the thin-film material. The electron density contrast is sufficient to allow the overall thickness and roughness of thin films to be measured [...
Machine learning (ML) has become a valuable tool to assist and improve materials characterization, enabling automated interpretation of experimental results with techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy. Because ML models are fast once trained, there is a key opportunity to...
1). The magnitude of their splitting can be reduced by minimising the X-ray path length through the jar. The scattered intensity between these extremes (see \(\vec{{s}_{2}}\) in Fig. 1) arises from powder which flows freely within the jar. To model these complex diffraction peak ...
physical constraints on numerical aperture. In contrast, the axial dimension of the Airy disk forms an elliptical pattern that often referred to as the point-spread function (PSF). The elongated geometry of the point-spread function along the optical axis arises from the nature of the non-...
Generation of a much deeper SRG arises from significantly longer irradiation time (6 h vs. 1.5 h), higher beam intensity of the interfering beams (105 mW/cm2 vs. 50 mW/cm2 per each beam), and an excitation laser source (low noise DPSS 457 nm laser vs. 442 nm gas He-Cd laser). ...
As mentioned before, the magnitude and distribution of the RS locked in the part is dependent on the manufacturing parameters. However, the general aspects remain unchanged irrespective of the alloy being produced. To characterize the complete stress distribution within a sample, different measurement ...
arises from path differences that equal a half-integral number of wavelengths (λ/2, 3λ/2,…). Young used geometrical arguments to show that the superposition of the two waves results in a series of equally spaced bands, or fringes, of high intensity, corresponding to regions of ...