An important finding in the cognitive effort literature has been that sensitivity to the costs of effort varies between individuals, suggesting that some people find effort more aversive than others. It has been suggested this may explain individual differences in other aspects of cognition; in partic...
For example, the term cold could refer to the temperature or the common cold, depending on how the word is used in the sentence. Automatically identifying the intended sense of ambiguous words improves the performance of biomedical and clinical applications such as medical coding and indexing; ...
Most mutations in human cancer are low-frequency missense mutations, whose functional status remains hard to predict. Here, we show that depending on the type of nucleotide change and the surrounding sequences, the tendency to generate each type of nucle
phonological short-term memory, and sensorimotor integration77,78,79. The SMA has also been found to play a crucial role in planning complex motor sequences, which is essential for handling the “complex speech demands” in tasks with unfamiliar words and complex nonwords production80,81,82. ...
finding the food reward47,48. The reversal task to measure proactive interference consists of a single information stage wherein the food reward was moved to a previously unrewarded tree, and 5 trials to measure the ratio of errors made on the previously rewarded tree over the other two trees...
They may struggle because fixed-length training programmes are too rigid for “slow learners”—not necessarily because they will become poorer doctors long term. In other words, the “one-size-fits-all” approach to residency training could be seen as the main problem, and the proven learning...
They may struggle because fixed-length training programmes are too rigid for "slow learners"—not necessarily because they will become poorer doctors long term. In other words, the "one-size-fits-all" approach to residency training could be seen as the main problem, and the proven learning ...
by comparing run-1 vs. run-2 for a single scanning session. We also used the multi-run VWMT data to show that fractal scaling increases continually as a function of task exposure. In other words, when the task is novel it is more effortful, and becomes more fluent with practice. We ...
A small number of comparative studies have also shown such advantages persist to old age; for example, long term dancers had better gait and balance abilities than age-matched non-dancers [12]. Furthermore, intervention research shows that participation in complex motor activity, such as tai chi...
Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) [63] is a widely used technique in natural language processing. It assigns weights to words in a document based on their frequency in the document and their rarity across all documents in a corpus. TF-IDF captures the importance of words by...