differential_dynamic_programming (DDP) 是一种优化算法,常用于解决具有最小-最大性质、随机性和双重估计的问题。它主要用于求解动态系统的最优控制问题。 DDP 算法通过将系统的状态和控制变量建模为离散时间步骤上的序列,来实现优化。该算法基于动态规划的原理,通过迭代逼近动态规划方程的最优解。在每个时间步骤上,...
Zaccour, G.: Time consistency in cooperative differential games: a tutorial. INFOR Inf. Syst. Oper. Res. 46(1), 81–92 (2008) MathSciNet Google Scholar Petrosyan L.A., Tomsky G.V.: Dynamic games and their applications. Ed. Leningrad State University, Leningrad (1982) Gao, H., Petr...
"I think you're the first to really break through the cruft and propose a real solution to millions of hours of wasted JavaScript programming" Tutorial and live examples v3 live tutorial: https://electric.hyperfiddle.net/ v3 starter app: not yet generally available, request early access here...
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A vertex p of a polyhedral surface S with total vertex angle θ (p) is called Euclidean, spherical, or hyperbolic if its angle excess 2 π − θ (p) is = 0, > 0, or < 0. Respectively, interior points of a face or of an open edge are Euclidean。
It turns out that the latter can be analyzed by techniques of optimal control theory (typically, the maximum principle and Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations of dynamic programming). In a noncooperative game, given the other players' choice of strategies, each player solves her own individual one-...
In recent years, the increase in child problem behaviours has become a significant public health concern. It is crucial to understand the complex dynamics between parental co-parenting, parenting competence, and child problem behaviours to develop effect
A practical tutorial on the use of nonparametric statistical tests as a methodology for comparing evolutionary and swarm intelligence algorithms. Swarm Evol. Comput. 1, 3–18 (2011). 48. Salgotra, R., Singh, U., Singh, S. & Mittal, N. A hybridized multi-algorithm strategy for engineering...
make their choices regarding the specific variant they use, and how they set the research details with respect to methods they use. When we know the problem that is to be solved, some questions are quite obvious: whether numerical or combinatorial, single or multi-objective, dynamic or static...
This tutorial gives step-by-step instructions on how to simulate dynamic systems. Dynamic systems may have differential and algebraic equations (DAEs) or just differential equations (ODEs) that cause a time evolution of the response. Below is an example of solving a first-order decay with the ...