The results show that in the studied scaling range different types of landscapes and profiles in different directions perform different fractal properties,that is,the D value and crossover length tc decrease in turns with the landform type from high-moutain,mid-low mountain to basin,and the ...
The ecological landscapes known as deserts, defined by very arid conditions of low precipitation and high evaporation, include plentiful mountains, plains, plateaus and canyons that include distinctive sub-varieties of desert landforms. These include gravel plains, sand dunes and dry lakebeds. Many nat...
Each view emphasizes a different feature or dimension of the Grand Canyon and surrounding areas. Some are focused on the terrain and topography of the cliff faces and slopes. Others seek to highlight the ecological characteristics of landforms, ecosystems, and forest types to categorize the landsca...
Deserts are uninhabited or deserted lands, due to very little or no availability of water. This has made it extremely difficult for people to live in them unless there is a water source close by. Some deserts house oil springs, some indigenous vegetation such as cactus, and are capable of ...
landforms and control erosion, which have been claimed in mine reclamation regulations in different countries17,18. Most of the traditional landform reconstruction is in the form of terraces and contoured banks3. Recent studies indicated that geomorphic-based mining reclamation with stable slopes and ...
★Aglacierisalarge,slow-movingriverofice,formedfromcompactedlayersofsnow,thatslowlydeformsandflowsinresponsetogravityandhighpressure.Theprocessesandlandformscausedbyglaciersandrelatedtothemareglacial;thistermshouldnotbeconfoundedwithglacial,acoldperiodiniceages.ThePeritoMorenoGlacierisaglacierlocatedintheLosGlaciares...
in both landscapes. Given two post-mining landscapes subjected to different ages of reclamation, clear differences in vegetation growth and LCC pattern would occur. At early stages of restoration, LCTs often have unstable conditions and experience more acute transformation depending on the level of ...
Water and soil processes play a fundamental role in landscape interactions (Turner, 1990, Wu and Loucks, 1995, Spetich et al., 1997). Quantitative assessment of water and soil processes largely depend on the spatial scale. Furthermore, landscapes are the result of nonlinear processes of water...
The new toolbox allowed us to extract 48 landform classes, and refined the typology of landform features in different natural landscapes, from a geomorphological point of view. The landforms classification and the morphometry of six different selected sites pertained to volcanic areas, mountain ridges...
The current research was aimed to study the effects of different land use types (LUT) and soil depth (SD) on soil enzyme activity, metal content, and soil fungi in the karst area. Soil samples with depths of 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm were collected from dif