This chapter discusses a study to examine the differences in energy metabolism between neurons and glial cells in primary cultures. The cultures of isolated neurons and glial cells were prepared from brains of chick embryos or newborn rats and studied for different aspects of their energy metabolism...
As the neuronal and glial cells in the brain possess specific compositions and functions, each of these cells probably contains cell-specific RNA, as suggested by Church and Brown 2 . In fact, Hydén et al. 3 found remarkable differences in base composition between the total RNA of neuronal ...
In fact, along with neurons, they comprise the two types of cells in nervous tissue, and are integral to the functioning of the CNS and PNS. Neuroglia play the role of supportive cells toneurons, which are responsible for all nervous system functions. Glial cellsdo more than hold the brain...
42 The Y chromosome appears to contain relatively few genes and primarily consists of pseudogenes.43 Approximately 54 genes are homologous between the X and Y chromosomes, including IL9R, TMSB4X/Y, and CSF2RA.42 Males also have biological mechanisms to enhance expression of X-linked genes, ...
To address differences between neurons and glia, we combined our metabolic pulsing scheme with the sorting of NeuN+ neuronal nuclei and NeuN− glial nuclei, and we calculated protein lifetimes in neurons and in glial cells separately (Fig. 4). While the lifetimes were in good correspondence (...
Moreover, sex differences were detected regarding the identity of Cyp19a1+ cells. Conclusions Females show overall a lower number of cells expressing Cyp19a1 in the limbic brain. In both sexes, aromatase is expressed in a region-specific manner in GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. These ...
Glial density was not different between the sexes, but the total number of glial cells was higher in males than in females. These results demonstrate that the binocular visual cortex of the rat is sexually dimorphic in its volume and much of the difference is due to sex differences in the ...
The mRNA expression data showed unique patterns of metabolic pathway expression between the subtypes of captured neurons that involved membrane based solute transporters, redox factors, and arginine and methionine metabolic pathways. We also identified the expression levels of a novel metabolic gene, ...
[16]. Sex steroid hormone exposure during critical periods may also exert crucial effects on the functions of several immune cell types [17,18]. In an attempt to understand such sex differences of microglia, the critical question is when and how microglia become different between males and ...
As a consequence, radioactivity in prelabeled phosphoinositides could not be effectively chased from glioma cells by excess unlabeled inositol. Such differences between cells of neuronal and glial origin suggest different and possibly supportive roles for these two cell types in maintaining functions ...