Mid-Ocean Ridges: Where new oceanic crust is formed as plates move apart. Layer Summary: Crust: Thin, solid outer layer; divided into continental and oceanic crust. Mantle: Thickest layer; semi-solid with convection currents driving plate tectonics. Outer Core: Liquid metal layer that generates ...
An indirect adaptive Line-Of-Sight (LOS) guidance algorithm from the existing literature is implemented to ensure the underactuated vessel will counteract the effects of unknown environmental forces, such as ocean currents, while converging to the safe path. Simulations show the effectiveness of the ...
As a result, this illustrates a cellular coverage map. When you add a point anywhere on the map (entirely up to you), that is which cell tower their call will be routed to. Pretty neat application of Voronoi Diagrams, don’t you think? Now, let’s create our own. Let’s Make Our ...
ocean engineeringThis paper describes a user-friendly computer program package containing an approach for the prediction of extreme waves based on the extrapolation of the scatter diagram of significant wave height Hs and mean zero-upcrossing period Tz. Following the validity tests of data input, ...
Greenhouse effect, a warming of Earth’s surface and troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) caused by the presence of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other gases in the air. Of those gases, known as greenhouse gases, water vap
Continental drift, large-scale horizontal movement of continents relative to one another and to the ocean basins during one or more episodes of geologic time. This concept was an important precursor to the development of the theory of plate tectonics, wh