for two reasons: 1) N2 is known to show permeation values lower than those of O2, making it an ideal component to test the detection limits of the system, and 2) because air mainly consists of N2 (79%), the leakage or infusion of this gas into the system is the most significant. ...
We assume all grains belong to the same phase with a cubic symmetry and an “average” lattice constant, a0*, corresponding to a common B0 = a0* I. Excluding superstructure peaks and using only diffraction spots positioned at 2θ angles, corresponding to the cubic phase (the three green ...
Sodium diclofenac (DCF) presence reported in water use cycle at various concentrations including trace levels necessitates continuous development of advanced analytical method for its determination. In this work, ease electrochemical methods for DCF dete
An Autolab PGSTAT302N electrochemical device (Eco Chemie, Utrecht, the Netherlands) was employed to conduct electrochemical determinations using the GPES V4.9 software. The electrochemical measurements were obtained with the aid of a three-electrode configuration on graphite SPEs from DropSens (DRP-110...
The lack of proper sludge withdrawal routines has been one of the main causes of solids washout and consequent deterioration of effluent quality from up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors treating sewage in developing countries. The establishm
—methods were applied. The resulting transport efficiencies did not deviate much under ideal conditions. The TEF method however systematically resulted in lower transport efficiencies. The extent of this difference (0–300% rel. difference) depended largely on the choice and storage conditions of the...
Concentrations of gases (O2 and N2) were determined by means of a thermal conductivity detector, from which the CO2 concentration was calculated by the ideal gas law. The pH was measured by using a InLab Flex-Micro, pH electrode (Mettler-Toledo, Columbus, OH, USA). and controller (consort...
where 𝜌ρ is the effective density (kg/m3), 𝐶𝑝Cp is the specific heat at constant pressure (J/(kg·K)), 𝜆λ is the thermal conductivity (W/(m·K)), Lv is the heat of evaporation (J/kg), and Q is the heat produced by friction and deformation (W/m3). The energy ba...
As described above, despite many advantages of MI-SPE the entire process is not very straightforward and very green. It consumes a lot of resources such as time, lab work, reagents (including toxic organic solvents), some consumables and energy. Additionally, it should be highlight that after...
(Metrohm Autolab B.V.) to generate electric current, which correlated to the enzymatic reaction progress and concentration of hydrogen peroxide, specifically. The response of the enzyme biosensor was obtained in a series of sPLA2-IIA enzyme solution from 0.01 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL where a ...