We present a theoretical framework from cognitive psychology (desirable difficulty framework) and link it to the ideas of second language (L2) difficulty. We argue that practice condition, linguistic difficulty, and individual differences need to be taken into account for creating optimal, deliberate,...
As there are many different approaches to agile project management, we explained that although the Scrum framework had been chosen as the basis for this role-play, the aim of their learning was to extend beyond a particular agile practice. Our primary learning objective in both the in-person ...
Testing as a desirable difficulty in the laboratory and the classroom The effects of testing for long-term retention and transfer have been the focus of much laboratory research in recent years, with many studies providing convincing evidence for the benefits of testing as compared either to no te...
[8], seller uncertainty is defined as the buyer’s difficulty in assessing the seller’s true characteristics and predicting whether the seller will act opportunistically. The quantity and quality of the information regarding sellers are limited on a C2C platform, whereas on a B2C platform, the ...
The second difficulty is that the grading of reading materials has often proved inadequate ,in two senses: (a) by being self-defeating, so that "simplified" texts have frequently been "simplified" out of all sensible meaning; and (b) by the fact that many learners find voc...
These results add to the evidence that DD strategies can enhance residents' learning. The drop in ITE scores under the triple DD combination may suggest that it pushed learners past beneficial desirable difficulty into detrimental overwhelming difficulty. Further research should apply this framework in ...
Exclusion criteria were type 1 or type 2 diabetes, use of medication that influences glucose metabolism (eg, oral corticosteroids, metformin, insulin), a GDM diagnosis in previous pregnancies, current substance abuse, severe psychiatric disorder, significant difficulty in cooperating (eg, inadequate ...
‘provide an example of your approach to team working’; it is important to be able to present such answers clearly and succinctly (there is often a word limit) and the key is to be able to give strong examples as evidence, so that the shortlister has no difficulty in recognising your ...