1996. Density dependent and density independent re- lationships during a twenty-seven year study of the population dynamics of the benthic macroinvertebrate community of a chemically unstable lake. Hydrobiologia, 335: 115-131.SAVAGE, A. A. 1996. Density dependent and density independent relationships ...
Therefore, although growth in terms of overall mean length was density independent, individual variation in trout growth was density dependent, being highest at low density and lowest at high density of trout. 展开 关键词: density‐dependent growth density‐independent growth growth models long‐term...
Furthermore, the model shows that although population is density-dependent, the dynamics of the growth rate does not depend either on population size, nor on the carrying capacity. Actually, the growth equation is uncoupled from the population size equation, and the model has only two parameters...
intraspecific competition) and with other species (e.g., predators, preys), or both [e.g., (Arditi et al.2001; May et al.1981) This will determine both the ecological significance of the species within the ecosystem (ecological density-dependent effects) as well as the evolutionary trajector...
Density dependence is introduced into the isoscalar s-wave component of Vopt and several families of density-dependent (DD) isoscalar optical-potential solutions are found, offering improved fits over those for a density independent parameterization. DD solutions which respect the low-density limit ...
The first π→π* transition in a number of cyanine dyes was studied using both time dependent and time independent density functional methods using a coupled cluster (CC2) method as the benchmark scheme. On the basis of 10 different functionals, it was concluded that adiabatic time dependent ...
The theory was formulated in terms of a functional for the ground state energy, in which the density was the independent variable, (1)Ev(r)[n(r)]≡∫v(r)n(r)dr + F[n(r)], where F[n(r)] is a universal functional of the density n(r) (not explicitly dependent on v(r)). ...
dependent and reporter-independent fashion. The rapid and reversible induction occurs at the level of mRNA accumulation. We show that multiple DNA elements within the transgene sequences, including a metal response element from themetallothioneingene, contribute to the reporter induction. The reporter ...
We show that these populations are limited by a combination of density-independent factors (such as climate) and density-dependent processes (such as specialist predators). We show that density-dependent regulation primarily occurs in winter months, so that populations experiencing longer winters tend ...
Here we show that changes in the strength of local density-dependent interactions within and among tree species explain changes in β-diversity across a subcontinental-productivity gradient. Stronger conspecific relative to heterospecific negative density dependence in more productive regions was associated ...