Like the literature that uses trade costs in Section 18.3.2, they estimate foreign–foreign rather than home–foreign substitution. A general problem in the estimation of structural parameters is the difficulty that arises when both supply and demand parameters must be separately identified from ...
[100]) where the recharging demand does not depend on EV trips but simply arises at the nodes of a road network. The node-based demand usually originates from a cluster of EV drivers who prefer to recharge their battery in a station located close to their home, workplace or any service...
However, consumer skepticism arises due to a lack of transparent data on green claims, leading to doubts about environmental benefits4. Uncertainty about environmental claims can reduce consumer enthusiasm for eco-friendly products. If consumers don’t trust manufacturers, they may spend less on green...
As growth in China slows and becomes less material intensive, the question arises whether countries of South and Southeast Asia can take up the baton from China and give a further boost to global mineral demand. The economic prospects of South and Southeast Asia are undoubtedly promising, helped...
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that the power of observation is not developed by mathematical studies; while the truth is, that; from the most elementary mathematical notion that arises in the mind of a child to the farthest verge to which mathematical investigation has been pushed and applied, this power is in constant ...
Nevertheless, in the presence of peak requirement over numerous consecutive time steps, the competitiveness proportion is unlimited and the worst-case scenario arises. In this paper, we introduce a novel randomised online algorithm for peak shaving enhanced using a machine-learned advice, named AMPA...
If the price elasticity of demand is -2.714, is it elastic or inelastic? Explain why a perfectly competitive firm can sell as much as it wants at the market price but a monopolist must lower its price to sell more. Consumer surplus arises in a market because ...
4.1 Diagonal restriction on As with all Bayesian regression models, a computational bottleneck arises in invert- ing the posterior precision matrix (X˜ X˜ + −1 ∗ ). This especially true for Bayesian SUR models since the design matrix X contains p stacked copies of the multivariate ...
(upward pointing arrows). The remaining cities largely display simultaneous increases in the effect of the contemporaneous response and decreases in the effect of the lagged response (rightward pointing arrows), a divergence that arises from differences in the slopes of the demand response surface ...