Trace conditioning therefore relies on maintaining a neural representation of the conditioned stimulus after its termination (hence making distraction possible), to learn the conditioned stimulus鈥搖nconditioned stimulus contingency; this makes it more cognitively demanding than delay conditioning. Here, by ...
Two forms of associative learning—delay conditioning and trace conditioning—have been widely investigated in humans and higher-order mammals1. In delay conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus (for example, an electric shock) is introduced in the final moments of a conditioned stimulus (for example,...
The results for trace conditioning were opposite. CR probability was high when expectancy of the US was high and low when expectancy of the US was low. The results show that trace and delay eyeblink conditioning are fundamentally different phenomena. We consider how the findings can be ...
Thus, if nicotine enhances hippocampus-dependent fear conditioning, nicotine should enhance trace fear conditioning. For both trace and delay conditioning, five 30 s, 85 dB white noise conditioned stimuli (CS) were paired with five 2 s, 0.5 mA footshock unconditioned stimuli (US). In the ...
The FVB/NCrl strain, especially male mice, showed reliable tone fear memory after delay training. Our findings confirm that both C57BL/6NCrl and 129S2/SvPasCrl mice develop strong context and tone memory in delay and trace fear-conditioning paradigms. 展开 ...
The effects of conditioning paradigm and interstimulus interval (ISI) were evaluated in this study of the development of associative learning in rats. The acquisition of classical eyeblink conditioning (EBC) was examined in two paradigms (trace vs. delay), with three different ISIs (short, medium...
Thus, if nicotine enhances hippocampus-dependent fear conditioning, nicotine should enhance trace fear conditioning. For both trace and delay conditioning, five 30 s, 85 dB white noise conditioned stimuli (CS) were paired with five 2 s, 0.5 mA footshock unconditioned stimuli (US). In the ...
These results suggested that the primary action of scopolamine in the odor discrimination paradigm emerges in the period of consolidation, as has been observed previously for an avoidance conditioning paradigm (Doyle and Regan, 1993), and that repeat administration of cognition-enhancing drugs, ...
Trace eyeblink conditioning has been shown to enhance ... B Leuner,J Waddell,E Gould,... - 《Journal of Neuroscience》 被引量: 114发表: 2006年 Eyeblink conditioning indicates cerebellar abnormality in dyslexia show abnormal performance in the incidence and/or timing of the conditioned response ...
‘It’s unbearable’: in ever-hotter US cities, air conditioning is no longer enough; Record-breaking temperatures in the last few years shatter the myth that air conditioning alone will keep people safe Delaney Nolan – The Guardian /jlne.ws/3XjJGhM Extreme heat triggers novel payout for ...