Delay time measurements in M |NiS2— x Se x | M structures (M is a metal), exhibiting electrical switching with N-shaped V – I characteristics, are presented. The time was found to depend strongly on the applied voltage, tending to infinity at a voltage V near dc threshold voltage,...
time delay; fractional order systems; flexible robots; teleoperated robots; fractional order control 1. Introduction Fractional calculus has indeed experienced significant advancements in theory, methods, and applications over the past few decades. It provides a powerful mathematical framework for describing...
Furthermore, if a time delay, commonly an inherent part of many industrial processes, is added to the unstable process, the control becomes more complicated [1]. A common robust control technique in control systems is the sliding mode control (SMC) methodology [3]. The traditional drawbacks ...