Therefore, according to Lenin, there are two types of debt: one serves as enabling economic growth, and thus is a sign of “consolidation and capitalization”, while the other one is disabling and better relates to “precariousness” (quoted in Akram-Lodhi and Kay, 2010: 192). To theorize...
To achieve the fiscal consolidation, it is need of the hour to bring down this ratio. This paper also endeavours to give the implication of this ratio and suggest ways to bring it down. Keywords: Debt, GDP, G-20 countries, threshold value, credit rating Introduction Gross Domestic Product ...
At constant scope of consolidation and exchange rates, the change in sales was -1.3%, impacted by a high basis for year-on-year comparison, notably in France. The impact of changes in the scope of consolidation in the first half of 2012 was +5.4% and exchange rates had a positive ...
(EMBI+), is currently at 5.8%, of which the defaulting Venezuela alone is contributing 1.2%. As can be seen in Chart 2, the EMBI+ yield experienced its first leg higher during the taper tantrum of 2013 and has since been in a consolidation range. A potential break higher through the ...
The World Bank and IMF have deviated from these categories on two occasions. Benin was assigned a 56% threshold in 2016 and 2017. According to the DSA reports in those years, this “customized” threshold reflected Benin’s higher than expected economic growth and successful debt consolidation in...
We examine the main effects of ICT penetration and the shadow economy on sovereign credit ratings and the cost of debt, along with possible second-order effects between the two variables, on a dataset of 65 countries from 2001 to 2016. The paper presents a range of machine-learning approaches...