在某些研究中,FXR的激活对胆固醇、甘油三酯和葡萄糖水平产生有益作用。例如,肝脏FXR通过抑制SREBP1c脂肪生成途径来抑制甘油三酯的生成。根据该模型,细菌BSH解偶联FXR拮抗剂tauro-β-MCA,从而使肝脏FXR抑制脂肪生成和胆固醇代谢,从而降低体重增加、血清胆固醇和甘油三酯水平。在过表达BSH的小鼠中,Cyp7a1的表达也降低,支持了...
在健康志愿者中,FXR激动剂奥贝胆酸(OCA)抑制了内源性胆汁酸的合成,并明显增加了几种革兰氏阳性菌株(包括Streptococcus thermophilus、Lactobacillus casei and paracasei、Bifidobacterium breve和Lactococcus lactis)的丰度,这表明FXR的激活改变了小肠微生物群,以应对内源性胆汁酸浓度的变化。 一些研究发现,补充胆汁酸可以改...
bile acidsnuclear receptor FXRcolorectal cancerThe gut microbiota has a significant impact on the development and function of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) by modifying bile acid (BA) metabolites. Recently, specific gut microbiome-derived BAs, such as 7-oxo-deoxycholic acid (7-oxo-DCA) and ...
The Pregnane X (PXR), Vitamin D (VDR) and Farnesoid X (FXR) nuclear receptors have been shown to be receptors of bile acids controlling their detoxification or synthesis. Chenodeoxycholic (CDCA) and lithocholic (LCA) acids are ligands of FXR and VDR, respectively, whereas 3-keto and ...
The Pregnane X (PXR), Vitamin D (VDR) and Farnesoid X (FXR) nuclear receptors have been shown to be receptors of bile acids controlling their detoxification or synthesis. Chenodeoxycholic (CDCA) and lithocholic (LCA) acids are ligands of FXR and VDR, respectively, whereas 3-keto and ...
Thus, CDCA and DCA stimulate SPX expression at the hepatic level through FXR and TGR5 mediated AC/cAMP/PKA and MAPK cascades. Keywords: spexin; bile acid; liver cells; gene transcription Graphical Abstract1. Introduction The neuropeptide spexin (SPX) belongs to the galanin family coupled with ...