the hydraulic diameter, the length of a pipe) can be easily measured. The Darcy friction factor takes the fluid properties of density and viscosity into account, along with thepipe roughness. This factor may be evaluated using various empirical relations, or it may be read from published charts...
In this section we, have to elaborate the numerical result against the different prominent factor like as, λ=0.2,β=0.2,M=0.2 are the fixed values for the local skin friction coefficient. It is to be seemed as enhance in the value of the magnetic parameter, Deborah number and also for ...
Table 3. Comparison of Skin friction for varying in α. αAli et al. (Ali et al., 2021)HAM (Current result) 0 0.56419 0.56420 π24 0.57502 0.57510 π12 0.58073 0.58074 π6 0.57700 0.57710 π4 0.55287 0.55288 π3 0.50723 0.50724 5π12 0.43687 0.43690 11π24 0.39000 0.40000 π2 0.33206...
engineers and researchers have always strived to improve them. There are many ways to upgrade these systems, and among them adding nanoparticles to base fluids has a decisive effect on improving the heat transfer rate. Furthermore, employing external gears to increase the fluid velocity has a...
by conservation of mass, (4b) is a continuity condition of normal stress of fluid at an interface obtained through normal force balance, and (4c) is a famous Beaver–Joseph–Saffman (BJS) interface condition [30,33,34,35], where parameter 𝛼 is a constant associated with friction. ...
by conservation of mass, (4b) is a continuity condition of normal stress of fluid at an interface obtained through normal force balance, and (4c) is a famous Beaver–Joseph–Saffman (BJS) interface condition [30,33,34,35], where parameter 𝛼α is a constant associated with friction. ...