Cohen RDH, Wright SBM, Thomas LR, McCaughey WP, Howard MD (2004) Current and residual effects of nitrogen fertilizer applied to grass pasture on production of beef cattle in central Saskatchewan. Can J Anim Sci 84:91–104Howard. 2004. Current and residual effects of nitrogen fertilizer ...
In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), the provision of sustainable power to distributed, mobile, and low-power-consumption electronic devices is a cr
Crop fertilization considers nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Fertilizer requirements per crop are calculated by the total amount of above-ground nutrients and losses. For P, we assume a fixed loss fraction of 12.5% of the fertilizer applied45. For N, we calculate the losses based on the ...
the processes become more intensive and are based on the conversion of organic materials by microbial decomposition. Here, many types of settings are presented. However, the activated sludge treatment process stands out for its low operating cost. In fact, this method consists of physically, mechani...
they are a perfect substitute to liquid fossil fuels with respect to cost, renewability, and environmental concerns. Microalgae have a significant ability to convert atmospheric CO2to useful products such as carbohydrates, lipids, and other bioactive metabolites. Although microalgae are feasible sources ...
they are a perfect substitute to liquid fossil fuels with respect to cost, renewability, and environmental concerns. Microalgae have a significant ability to convert atmospheric CO2to useful products such as carbohydrates, lipids, and other bioactive metabolites. Although microalgae are feasible sources ...
The production of PLA is still in its infancy compared with that of traditional polymers, and there is great potential to further reduce its cost and environ- mental footprint. This paper describes and assesses the life cycle performance of the following PLA produ...
Furthermore, environmentally friendly synthesis methods requiring a minimal amount of energy, number of synthesis steps, and purification are ideal while keeping the cost low enough to be able to compete with existing products [211,259]. Lastly, more in-depth residue studies are needed to ...
The main cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles originates from the battery and hydrogen storage system, and the rest of the cost is similar to that of electric vehicles [83]. For a 49-ton heavy truck, the cost of a fuel cell and hydrogen storage system can account for 64% [24]. In ...
The world’s hydrogen production primarily comes from methane steam reforming which process emits huge amount of CO2 that accounts for 1.6% of global emission per year [4]. Moreover, the demanding on the nitrogen fertilizer is growing rapidly and estimated to show a two or three-folded ...