In this study, control methods for the converter inner current loop of HVDC systems were evaluated by comparing different combinations of PI controllers and lead-lag compensators. The evaluation was performed on a 3-terminal voltage source converter (VSC)-based multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) ...
The impact of inductance on current flow is to push the voltage and current oscillations out of phase with each other, like the capacitor did. However, while the capacitor causes current tolead voltage, the inductor causes the current to lag voltage, as can be seen by the graphs on the ri...
Sometimes wind turbine material production, transportation of materials, on-site construction, assembling, operation, maintenance, dismantlement, and decommissioning may be associated with global warming, and there is a lag in this consideration. Large utility-scale solar plants require vast lands that in...
LAG LAST_DAY LASTDAY LAST_VALUE LEAD LEAST LENGTH LENGTHB LN LOCATE LOG LOG10 LOG2 LPAD LTRIM MAP MAP_AGG MAP_CONCAT MAP_ENTRIES MAP_FILTER MAP_FROM_ARRAYS MAP_FROM_ENTRIES MAP_KEYS MAP_UNION MAP_UNION_SUM MAP_VALUES MAP_ZIP_WITH MASK_HASH MAX MAX_BY MAX_PT MD5 MEDIAN MIN MIN_BY ...
In contrast, the positive sequence fault current phase downstream of the fault point will lag. If we define φp as the phase before the fault and φF as the phase after the fault, then the phase variation ∆φ is: $$\Delta \varphi = \varphi_{{\text{p}}} - \varphi_{{\text{F...
Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the immense success in clinical trials, ten α-PD-1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, sintilimab, camrelizumab...
Other dual immune checkpoint blockade strategies, including α-PD-1/PD-L1 combined with α-TIM-3, α-LAG-3, α-PVRIG, α-TIGIT, are still in clinical trials, having not been approved by the FDA or NMPA. The engagement of TIM-3 with its ligand galectin-9 led to Th1 cell death by ...
Furthermore, an additional strategy to mitigate the off-target toxic response is incorporating suicide genes such as inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9) suicide gene and thus inducing the apoptosis of CAR-T cells that lead to a toxic response [43]. ...
The phase lag between the current passing through the pinch and the drive current is also demonstrated by the fact that the effective radius of the pinch decreases over the lifetime of the jet. Thus, the radial Lorentz force, and therefore axial current increases over time, while the observed...
Thus, in this industry, luxury producers seem to lag behind and have to improve their processes. Wang and Snell (2013) analyse the reasons for labour abuse at Gucci in China and provide a model to prevent such abuse. Carrigan et al. (2013) discuss several harms within the supply chain ...