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BsAb, bispecific antibodies; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PD-1, programmed death receptor-1; PD-L1, programmed death receptor ligand-1; SCLC, small cell lung cancer Full size image This review ...
Dual immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy Currently, the dual immunotherapy that combines PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors has received approval for various cancer indications, such as the nivolumab + ipilimumab regimen, a combination of PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors. These inhibitors a...
Combination checkpoint inhibitor treatment appeared to increase the rate of ADAs versus monotherapy (eg. the incidence of ADAs in durvalumab and tremelimumab was 0% and 3.98% respectively when administered as a monotherapy in trials with the largest sample sizes; however the incidence was higher at ...
/second-generation EGFR-TKIs; however, its survival benefit is still limited. Recently, there are numerous attempts to explore combinations of PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy in this population. PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab, anti-VEGF IBI305, and chemotherapy had positive results in the ORIENT-31 ...
Blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1 are linked to checkpoint inhibitor induced colitis in cancer patients59,60,61, and genetic variants in Ctla4 are linked to predisposition to IBD62,63. In our recently reported pre-clinical model of immune checkpoint colitis (CPI-C)64, we identified NCR+ ILC1/3...
Can nanobody-based drugs be successful in cancer treatment and diagnosis? Can anti-CTLA-4 nanobodies provide promising results in clinical research? What solutions are suggested to deal with the limitations of producing modified nanobodies with Fc-receptors?
had a stronger antitumor immunity than anti-CTLA-4 mAB alone (Fig.2). [33] reported that anti-CTLA-4 mAB in combination with Selumetinib, a MEK1/2 small-molecule inhibitor (SMI), abolished the upregulation of immunosuppressive mediators (Cox-2 and Arg1-), whereas anti-CTLA-4 monotherapy ...
regulation of biomarkers, localization within the cell, and drugs. Specifically, some potential drugs have been developed to regulate PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expressions with high efficiency. Background Immunotherapy, mediated by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), represents a turning point in the anti-...
Clinical studies showed that the CTLA-4 inhibitor could significantly prolong the survival time of patients with malignant tumors [16]. Many studies have shown that CTLA-4 is highly expressed in cancer cells and can be used for early diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis prediction of ...