This article reviews the anatomy of these cranial nerves, highlighting potential causes of damage between their nuclei of origin in the brainstem and termination on the extraocular muscles (EOMs), and so aims to provide a basis for informed diagnosis of ocular motor palsies in their various forms...
auditory and vestibular senses. Cranial nerves XI, the spinalaccessory nerve, and XII, thehypoglossal nerve, are purely motor and innervate the muscles of the neck that are used to turn the head (the sternocleidomastoid and upper part of the trapezius) and the muscles of the tongue, ...
Orbital metastases can compress the optic nerve or extraocular muscles and result in pain, proptosis, blurred vision, and diplopia. Involvement of the cavernous sinus or parasellar region results in unilateral frontal headache with ocular paresis without proptosis. With metastases to the temporal bone...
The exception to this are the special visceral efferent nerves, sometime described as branchial efferent (BE). These are motor nerves, named for the embryological origin of the fibres. Information of movement and position (proprioception) from somatic structures like muscles, tendons, and joints is...
Excerpt. Thetrochlear nerveis the fourth cranial nerve (CN IV) and one of the ocular motor nerves that controls eye movement. The trochlear nerve, while the smallest of the cranial nerves, has the longest intracranial course as it is the only nerve to have a dorsal exit from the brainstem...
19-5 and 19-8) in the periorbita dorsal to the dorsal oblique and dorsal rectus muscles of the eyeball. The frontal nerve becomes subcutaneous just caudal to the orbital ligament to terminate by dividing into supraorbital (n. supraorbitalis) and supratrochlear (n. supratrochlearis) nerves (...
which are controlled by cranial nerves III, IV and VI. Cranial nerve III innervates the superior, medial, and inferior rectus muscles, as well as the inferior oblique muscle, which together function to move eyes medially and in the vertical plane. Cranial nerve IV (the trochlear nerve_ inner...
Ocular deviation: In case of third-nerve palsy, the lateral rectus and superior oblique are spared, and their unopposed action brings the eye in a “down and out” position. Pupil:In compressive third-nerve palsy, the pupil becomes fixed and dilated due to paralysis of sphincter pupillae. Ci...
Ocular mobility is an important feature of the eyes that help individuals collect as much visual input as possible. Movement of the eyes is carried out by the six extraocular muscles. They allow the eyes to move in the two principal planes and also about the visual axis. The nerve sup...
用Quizlet學習並牢記包含olfactory (s) from the nose for smell、Optic (S) supplies the retina for vision、Oculomotor (M) supplies muscles to the iris and lens, also 4 of the 6 extra ocular muscles that move the eye Location: lateral to the mammillary