From a large set of variables (responses to the core questions of GYTS as well as country-specific questions), we selected the relevant variables where information were consistently collected across the three countries for this study. The response variable is current tobacco use, defined as below:...
It is mainly caused by fraud, by the illegal evasion of import duty, The cigarettes involved are not the cheap brands from southern European countries, ... T Fraser - 《Tobacco Control》 被引量: 35发表: 1998年 COUNTRIES AS BRANDS Discusses the importance of country image for Canadian exports...
144 Nayyar et al145 have called for an international convention on SF medicines, similar to the 1929 treaty that internationally criminalized counterfeit banknotes or the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.146,147 Such a convention could (1) accurately define SF medicines, (2) require signatory...
In 2020, Tanzania’s economy was ranked as the ninth largest in Africa in terms of GDP. The country has a population of 56 million people. Agriculture is the cornerstone of the economy, employing 68 percent of Tanzania’s workforce. Gold, coffee, cashew nuts, tobacco, and cotton are key ...
In Georgia, the synthetic cannabinoid, “Bio”, was typically sold in powder or crystal form and mixed with tobacco and smoked. Participants reported that “Bio” had a short-term effect that usually lasted 10 min. For this reason, it could be smoked 50 or more times a day. Participants ...
Our global attainment analysis, which is grounded in historical rates of change, offers a mechanism to assess the ambitiousness of undefined targets. For instance, SDG target 3.a calls for strengthening the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, a target...
The aim of this paper is to gain new knowledge about illicit tobacco trade in Western Balkan countries and its effects on public finance sustainability. It includes an estimation of the volume of illicit tobacco trade, identifying and quantifying the key factors that cause illegal tobacco trade, ...
In Denmark, where snus is forbidden, chewing tobacco in pouches (very difficult to see a difference from snus) has recently become popular, as the snus ban does not cover this product. A Danish study among 15–29-year-olds found that eight out of ten adolescents/young adults are exposed ...