DESIGNING ISOTOPES There are two methods for specifying isotopes: The mass number is written with a hyphen after the name of the element. (Hyphen notation) Helium-4 2. Nuclear symbol : show the composition of a
Energetic protons from deep space continuously bombard our planet and strike atoms in the upper layers of the atmosphere. These collisions produce tiny nuclear explosions, which in turn give rise to every species in the particle zoo—protons, neutrons, electrons, muons, lambda particles, you name ...
11, can be used to enhance the stopping power of protons. Single-crystal perovskites have been shown to be effective for detecting X-rays, γ-rays, β-rays, α-particles and neutrons through either the direct conversion of radiation quanta to an electrical...
WIMPs vs MACHOs WIMPs MACHOs Weakly Interacting Massive Particles Massive neutrinos Fast moving “Hot” Dark Matter (HDM) Detection: Very difficult MACHOs Massive Compact Halo Objects Stars, planets, black holes Slow moving “Cold” Dark Matter (CDM) Detection: Microlensing Microlensing Massive object...