Pricing approaches at industrial companies: cost-versus value-based pricing.The article presents a study that sought to understand pricing's place at U.S. industrial firms and to learn how firms organize for pricing. The first finding showed that no dedicated pricing function existed at the ...
来自 dx.doi.org 喜欢 0 阅读量: 32 摘要: The pricing of a product that is computed from the total cost of making a product plus a desired profit is called Pricingcost-basedcost-based pricing. See Target costing. DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-0612-8_192 年份: 2000 ...
Negotiated Versus Cost-Based Transfer Pricing in Presence of Multiple Internal Buyers and Demand Interdependence We study an incomplete contracting model to compare the performances of alternative transfer pricing mechanisms. The dual purpose of transfer pricing is to... DLA Kaiser - 《Social Science ...
(1994). “Transfer Pricing under Asymmetric Information: AnEvaluation of Alternative Methods.” European Accounting Review 1, 71–104. Williamson, O. (1985). The Economic Institutions of Capitalism. New York: Free Press. About this Article Title Negotiated versus Cost-Based Transfer Pricing ...
financial risk to an insurer versus those with good or excellent credit. In states where using acredit-based insurance scoreas a rating factor is allowed, insurers review your insurance credit tier, which is not necessarily identical to your credit score from services like Experian, TransUnion or...
Incremental-cost pricing of natural gas has been used to cover the cost of supplementary supplies needed because the underpriced base load creates a higher demand. A phased transition to marginal pricing is outlined so as to avoid disruptions. One approach is a declining commodity tax based on ...
cost-plus pricing. Market adaptive pricing is sensitive to fluctuations in the market price and encompasses three distinct pricing strategies: above-, at and below-market pricing. Cost-plus pricing does not take market factors into account and is based solely on the cost of producing the product...
作者: Significance, Fruit Nutrition, Nutrition and Growth, UVC Hormesis, Relation to Some, Phytochemicals ,Automobile Insurance Pricing Operating Cost versus Ownership Cost 展开 摘要: This paper assesses the ability of automobile insurance prices to distinguish the 2:1 ratio of men's to women's ...
audiencemay elect a pricing model based on cost-per-click (CPC) or cost-per-acquisition (CPA) because they only have to pay for their advertisement space when visitors click on the ad and visit their website—versus every time a consumer views their ad (for a pricing model that utilizes ...
Thus, we estimate the cost of equity capital using an ex ante proxy developed by recent accounting and asset-pricing research, namely the implied cost of equity.10 The implied cost of equity is defined as the discount rate that equates a stock’s present value of expected cash flows to ...