Duringexacerbations,airwayinflammationisalsoincreased,resultinginincreasedhyperinflation,reducedexpiratoryairflowandworseningofgastransfer.Thiscanalsoleadtoinsufficientventilationand,eventually,lowbloodoxygenlevels第八十页,共155页。Causes:75%infectiousVirusBacteria20%environmental5%Other:MI/CHFSurgeryAspiration.Pulmonary...
COPD which stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, is a group of diseases that cause block of airflow, which leads to difficulty in breathing, and these diseases involve chronic bronchitis, emphysema and chronic obstructive airways disease. 285 Words 2 Pages Satisfactory Essays Read More CO...
which can be determined as a prognostically unfavorable risk factor for death in COPD patients.Conclusion: In COPD patients associated pathology, including COVID-19, forms a mutual burden syndrome, which leads to a heavier course, an increased risk of death, which is advisable to take into acco...
pneumothorax, hypoxia, and cardiovascular events. Regarding pneumonia, the studies showed an increased risk of exacerbation among ACO patients compared with patients with COPD. This leads to increased hospitalizations.[35]Also, cardiovascular complications such as pulmonary...
in response to therapy and to demonstrate that pro-BNP-titrated heart failure therapy leads to a significant reduction in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity (hospital re-admissions, necessity of intravenous therapy) in these patients. Sec... D. Kraaij,Y. Pinto 被引量: 98发表: 2003年 Short-...
Cardiovascular disease also leads to hospitalization of COPD patients, left ventricular dysfunction may be present in more than 30 % of acute dyspnea episodes in COPD patients attended at the emergency room or admitted to the hospital [33,35–37]. In the Lung Health Study [27] cardiovascular ca...
PGE2 is synthesised following cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) activation which leads to release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids which can then be converted by cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 into PGE2 [119]. CSE exposure was shown to result in increased expression and activity of cPLA2 ...