26]. Approximately 50% of patients die within 3.6 years of their first severe (hospitalised) exacerbation [26], and there is an 80% increase in the risk of death in patients who have experienced two moderate (community-treated) exacerbations...
culture in this setting is to determine the presence of bacterial pathogens and to guide antibiotic treatment, culture is very limited in this role.59–61 Evaluating the sputum microbiome with modern high- throughput sequencing technologies might contribute to enhanced exacerbation precipitant ...
It is important to note that the rate of moderate-to-severe exacerbations and the treatment received prior to study enrollment may influence observed improvements in annualized exacerbation rate. For example, in the TRIBUTE, TRINITY, and TRILOGY studies, 100% of participants experienced moderate-to-...
We found that nine guidelines recommended systemic corticosteroids universally to all AECOPD patients, and the Spanish guideline reserved such treatment to all patients with an at least moderate exacerbation (without providing information about different severity grades). One guideline reserved such ...
“An important thing to take away about asthma management is that inhaled corticosteroid treatment is by far the first line therapy for patients with asthma and our goal is symptom free and normal pulmonary function tests,” she said. The least a...
The peak expiratory flow (PEF) is commonly obtained and is generally used as a dynamic measure for monitoring severity of airflow obstruction during an exacerbation. A protocol using PEF and a simple symptom based score identified patients with COPD in the primary care setting [112], and handhel...
comparing the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose SITT versus fixed-dose dual therapy with LABA/LAMA or ICS/LABA, delivered via the same inhaler device, indicated that SITT was the most effective treatment for reducing the risk of moderate or severe exacerbation followed by ICS/LABA and then LAMA...
Clinicians questioned whether to treat COPD patients in the presence or absence of COVID-19 with inhaled corticosteroids for maintenance therapy and systemic corticosteroids for exacerbation treatment [94,95]. Corticosteroids are immunosuppressants, and numerous studies have found that there is an ...