[nasal discharge and/or nasal congestion], fever without other cause, increased cough or increased wheeze) for ≥2 consecutive days. COPD exacerbation severity was classified as moderate if symptoms required systemic corticosteroid (≥3 days) and/or antibiotic treatment, and severe if symptoms ...
Caution is advised however, because although FEV1 defines the severity, it correlates poorly with symptoms. However, it is a predictor of mortality. The diagnosis of an exacerbation is based on: Worsening of breathlessness. Increasing sputum volume. Increasing sputum purulence. The presence of at le...
COPD exacerbations are heterogeneous in terms of airway inflammation and etiology.#To assess the relation between blood and sputum eosinophils and COPD exacerbation.#Prospective cohort study, conducted on 100 COPD patients presented in outpatient clinic. All patients were subjected to medical history ...
Parameters for assessing the COPD severity include: (I) symptom severity (modified MRC dysonea scale (mMRC) and COPD assessment test (CAT)), (II) severity of airflow limitation, (III) exacerbation risk, (IV) concomitant chronic diseases/comorbidities, and (V) combined COPD assessment (refined...
The interaction between smoking, air pollution, respiratory tract infection, bronchiectasis, blood eosinophil count, the severity of airflow limitation, prior exacerbations, and comorbidities leads to the occurrence of COPD exacerbation [52]. For dyspnea symptom, the mechanisms encompass the interaction ...
Two previous studies have showed that the ATS or the BTS staging of severity of COPD separate patients according to impairments in their health status.10., 11. We choose the number of severe exacerbation needing management in the hospital as valid outcome of comparison, because we believe that ...
Low handgrip strength (HGS) is independently associated with a higher exacerbation risk in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the relationship between HGS while being admitted for COPD exacerbation and further exacerbation risk after discharge remains unclear. Methods We enrolled...
An exacerbator was defined as any patient with two or more moderate exacerbations (requiring treatment with antibiotics or oral corticosteroids) or one severe exacerbation (requiring hospitalization) in the last year; (5) chronic COPD treatment with short-acting β2-agonists, long-acting β2-...
This overlap phenotype significantly worsened specific quality of life (11.1 units on the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), 95%CI: 4.88–17.36) and reduced physical activity (3.49 units on the London Chest Activities of Daily Living (LCADL) scale, 95%CI: 1.06–5.94). Conclusions...
according to COPD severity (1) in GOLD 2016 "ABCD" categories based on symptoms (Medical Research Council dyspnea grade, COPD Assessment Test, breathlessness), percent predicted FEV1, and exacerbation history and (2) as mild, moderate, severe, or very severe based on treatment and exacerbation ...