For example, in the new migraine drug study, it would be a poor study design to administer the questionnaire to the experimental group in a hospital setting while asking the control group to complete it at home. Such a study could lead to a misleading conclusion, because differences in ...
For example, ZmEAL1 determined antipodal cell fate in maize (Krohn et al., 2012), and EC1 family peptides induced activation of two sperm cells in A. thaliana (Sprunck et al., 2012). In particular, EC1 family peptides are also involved in the polytubey blocking system by mediating ...
The enrichment score is then given as the normalized number of DEGs belonging to the group of breast cancer driver genes or PAM50 genes, respectively. ES\;=\;\frac{\mathrm{enriched}\;\mathrm{cancer}\;\mathrm{marker}\;\mathrm{genes}\;\ast\;16,883\;\mathrm g\mathrm e\mathrm n\...
Communications Biology volume 4, Article number: 816 (2021) Cite this article 2348 Accesses 18 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract It is often necessary for individuals to coordinate their actions with others. In the real world, joint actions rely on the direct observation of co-actors and rhythmic...
1. Introduction Schistosomiasis is a group of diseases caused by parasitic worms of the genus Schis- tosoma. These blood-dwelling flukes have a complex life cycle involving freshwater snail intermediate hosts, and the transmission of the parasite is governed by social-ecological sys- tems and is...
For example, both Svartberg17 and Turcsán et al.16 used cluster analysis to group breeds based on behavioural similarity, and found that these clusters corresponded poorly with the genetic categorization of breeds. These results suggest that when breeds are divided into groups, important differences...
Pest control professional in protective workwear carefully sprays pesticide in an apartment.Group4 Studio via Getty Images Is it time to place a call to a professionalpest controlcompany? If you're asking this question right now, smack dab in the middle of summer, then chances are the answer ...
We study a group of hosts A and symbionts B, where members of each can invest in cooperation that bring about benefits for their partner. While microbiomes often contain many microbial species, the model follows a focal species—or equivalently the members of one niche—and asks whether microbi...
Furthermore, for each group of outputs, the parameters with the highest main effects on the means are of the same nature as the outputs (epidemic parameters have the greatest influence on epidemic outputs, economic parameters on the economic output, etc.). For the epidemic outputs, the most ...
A simple example of a controlled experiment may be used to determine whether or not plants need to be watered to live. The control group would be plants that are not watered. The experimental group would consist of plants that receive water. A clever scientist would wonder whether too much w...