(15-10)Cnoise=σNoNo=1Ro×π dℓ24×t As indicated by the notation in Equation 15-10, this factor can be considered as the “noise contrast” for a circular area of diameter dℓ in background areas of the image. The ratio of lesion-contrast to noise-contrast is defined as its...
Contrast-to-noise ratioStochastic differential equationContrast resolution is an important index for evaluating the signal detectability of computed tomographic (CT) images. Recently, various noise reduction algorithms, such as iterative reconstruction (IR) and deep learning reconstruction (DLR), have been...
where the last equation is in millimeters (mm) when the −6-dB bandwidth is in megahertz (MHz) and C0 in (mm/μs). For example, for a 2.5-MHz array that is 25 mm long and focused at 50 mm, the resolution from Chapter 6 is 0.46 mm, and the correlation cell size in the focal...
contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at 50 and 80 kVp, but Re-XCA have a greater CNR at >120 kVp. The difference in CNR is increased as the thickness of the copper filters is increased. For instance, the percent CNR improvement of rhenium over iodine is 14.2% with a 0.6 mm thick ...
PA-responsive regions could be detected in liver (Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) = 22.4 dB (from equation (2)), signal intensity = 36.0 ± 12.5 mV) and spleen samples of CFZ-treated animals (CNR = 24.6 dB, signal intensity = 4...
The primal-dual relationship α(λ) is obtained by finding the minimizer of the inner-problem in the last equation. The dual problem is found by replacing α by α(λ) in the inner-problem.The function D is obviously differentiable with ∇D(λ)=−AW−1ATλ+Aβ. Therefore, ∀(λ...
2b. A \(7\,\times\) 7 pix section of the vessel, was used to determine the Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) to the embedding material. For the TAI scan this was at CNR\(_{TAI}=18.7\), for the PBI scan at CNR\(_{PBI}=23.1\). The slices in Fig. 2 were analyzed for their ...
摘要原文 We studied the rules by which visual responses to luminous targets are combined across the two eyes. Previous work has found very different forms of binocular combination for targets defined by increments and by decrements of luminance, with decrement data implying a severe nonlinearity befo...
According to [31], for example, the speckle flow index (SFI) is proportional to the linear velocity of fluid flow. SFI is calculated using the following simplified equation: $$\begin{array}{c}SFI\left(v\right)\sim \frac{1}{2\cdot T\cdot {LSC\left(v\right)}^{2}}, \end{array}$...
It compares the signal distance (S) to the level of noise in the image. For the detection of whole letters, it is reasonable to also regard the size of the letter, or the pixel number of its region. This motivates one to extend Equation (2) to define the detectability of a region ...