In a cause-and-effect study, a confounding variable is an unmeasured variable that influences both the supposed cause and effect.
An extraneous variable is characterized as an unaccounted for, an unstudied external factor connected to the independent variable somehow and may impact the outcome of the dependent variable. As a researcher, it is essential to account for and control extraneous variables because they can undermine ...
Long story short, a confounding variable was hiding a significant positive correlation between activity and bone density. The offending variable was the subjects’ weights because it correlates with both the independent (activity) and dependent variable (bone density), thus allowing it to bias the re...
Whilst we are not manipulating these extraneous variables, they could still affect the task performance scores (i.e., the dependent variable) of the two groups (i.e., the control group and treatment group), so we have put them under the heading of extraneous variables that could also ...
Weight-control practices as potential confounding variable.Lactobacillus GGprobioticscolonizationatopic eczemaComment on J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Jan;106(1):55-64; quiz 76-9.doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.03.026Ellen SchurElsevier Inc.Journal of the American Dietetic Association...
What is the explanatory variable in this study? What is the response variable? If I have three independent variables and two dependent variables what research design should I use? Select the better response: this hypothesis is presumed to be true until proven otherwise. (a) H0 (b) Ha. Is ...
Answer to: Define extraneous variable and confounding variable. Describe two methods used to prevent extraneous variables from becoming confounding...
As confounding obscures the ‘real’ effect of an exposure on outcome, investigators performing etiological studies do their utmost best to prevent or control confounding. Unfortunately, in this process, errors are frequently made. This paper explains that to be a potential confounder, a variable ...
To train multimodal models and perform radiograph case–control matching, we needed to handle missing data in numerous PT and HP variable fields. For categorical variables, missing entries were replaced by an explicit “(Missing)” value. The only PT variable with missing data was BMI. To impute...
If a confounding variable is misclassified, the ability to control confounding in the analysis is hampered. If confounding is strong and the E – D relation is weak, misclassification of the confounding variable can lead to very misleading results. ...