Robustness Conditions for MIIV-2SLS When the Latent Variable or Measurement Model is Structurally MisspecifiedInstrumental variable (IV) methods provide a powerful but underutilized tool to address many common problems with observational sociological data. Key to their successful use is having IVs that ...
Table 2. Summary statistics for variables used in the empirical analysis. VariableMean Monthly amount willing to pay (in euros) 25.4€ Dummy: Male respondent (ref.: female) 50.1 % Age 20–34 years 19.0 % 35–49 years 30.0 % 50–64 years 40.4 % 65–80 years ...
Lake surface temperatures are projected to increase under climate change, which could trigger shifts in the future distribution of thermally sensitive aquatic species. Of particular concern for lake ecosystems are when temperatures increase outside the r
Tests for instrument strength (Supplementary Table 9) confirmed only the BMI PGS could be used as an instrumental variable. For ADHD and BMI, higher values of the PGS predicted lower GCSE points (Table 4). Each SD increase in the PGS for ADHD corresponded to a decrease of 2.70 (95% CI:...
In a workplace setting, instrumental gratification, such as increasing productivity, is a relevant explanatory factor for the acceptance of chatbots (Kopplin Citation2023). However, many conversational robots used on the market are trained with basic databases, so they are not capable of complex ...
As shown in Table 5, all research variables (except Cronbach’s alpha value for the belief/value-oriented coping variable) had suitable and high validity and reliability. Moreover, the convergent validity of the measurement model was confirmed for all research variables. Next, to evaluate the ...
These antibodies provide “passive” immunity for your foal for the next three to five months. Your foal should ingest at least 0.5-1.0 L (16 to 32 oz.) of good quality colostrum within the first 8 to 12 hours life to ensure absorption of adequate antibodies. Peak absorption...
Ultimately, organizations should recognize that employees' perceived ability to maneuver decision-making processes can be instrumental for their propensity to introduce and advocate for their novel ideas, as long as these efforts can rely on support obtained from open, well-balanced intrafirm ...
In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed a framework for severe maternal morbidity analysis5. It defines categories of morbidity with increasing severity: nonlife-threatening, potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTCs), life-threatening conditions, and maternal death. Additionally, a ...
In this paper we show that the Quasi ML estimation method yields consistent Random and Fixed Effects estimators for the autoregression parameter ρ in the panel AR(1) model with arbitrary initial conditions and possibly time-series heteroskedasticity even when the error components are drawn from heter...