It shows how the percentage of Portland cement decreases from 330 kg (14%) in the business as usual (BAU) scenario to 247 kg (10%) in the best practice (BP) scenario and to 186 kg (8%) in the circular (CIRC) scenario. It is replaced by other supplementary cementitious materials (...
Using PLC to construct the University of California, San Diego biomedical research facility resulted in a 160-ton reduction in CO2 emissions, which is equal to the energy emissions from burning 176,298 lbs of coal. The ongoing construction of the Drexel University Academic Tower is using PLC and...
CO2 emissions are one of the most prominent issues. This report aims to develop a mix design methodology with a CO2 reduction percentage as one of the initial parameters along with strength, workability and durability. This allows the user to obtain the mix proportions of concrete, and achieve ...
The higher the percentage of dolomite added, the greater the increase in compressive strength.However, the addition of 15% dolomite has shown a slight decrease in compressive strength at 7, 14, 28, 56 & 90 days, as compared to 10% dolomite. Therefore, the optimum amount seems to be 10%...
we quantify the extent to which different implementation levels of demand-side strategies reduce dependence on CCS. This is done by estimating the net CO2emissions when the implementation level of demand-side strategies and the percentage of kiln capacity equipped with CCS are varied from 0% to 10...
POFA, a recycled material generated from burning palm oil shells and husks in mills, which is widely used in the construction industry. While only a small percentage about 5% of POFA has strong pozzolanic properties, it is still effectively utilized as a SCM. The quality and effectiveness of ...
Furthermore, it reduces 15% of CO2 emissions and saves 16% in energy consumption with a minimal 7% increase in costs based on 2942 N/cm2 (4267 psi) concrete with a replacement of 88.2% of EPS. Finally, using a multi-criteria analysis, the optimum percentage of EPS in a 2648 N/c...
Temperature (°C)Percentage correction of the velocity reading (%) 60 + 5+ 4 40 + 2+ 1.7 20 00 0 –0.5–1 –4 –1.5–7.5 The recommended precautions during the test: 1. Using the reference bar to adjust zero is very important; if it is ignored it will directly affect the accuracy...
Many researchers have unanimously accepted that FA reduces GHG emissions when replaced with Portland cement [5]. The reduction in GHG emissions depends on the source and condition of raw materials, the type of supplementary cementitious material used, the percentage of replacement level, and the tran...
percentage of cement replacement for binder ratio for which the optimal result was significant at 70% GGBS and 50% PFA[82]. In the study by Hafezet al.,[83], reliable sustainability measure was determined for functional performance based on economic and environment properties of blended SCMs ...