we distinguish two main forms of cells:prokaryoticandeukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are found in two groups of single-celled microorganisms, bacteria (singular, bacterium) andarchaea(singular, archaean). All
000 plant species, 57,000vertebratespecies (animals with backbones), and 1 million insect species (more than half of all known forms of life)—not to mention the myriad types of single-celled organisms. Researchers identify thousands of additional species each year. Estimates of the total number...
In the presence of horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the concepts of lineage and genealogy in the microbial world become more ambiguous because chimeric genomes trace their ancestry from a myriad of sources, both living and extinct. We present the evolutio
While the AMPK system probably evolved in single-celled eukaryotes to maintain energy balance at the cellular level, in multicellular organisms its role has become adapted so that it is also involved in maintaining whole body energy balance. Thus, it is regulated by hormones and cytokines, ...
Analysis of large-scale multigene phylogenies and morphological data suggested paraphyletic origins of both basal phyla (James et al.2006a). The chytrids form zoospores terminally equipped with a single posterior flagellum of the whiplash type (opisthokont) during the vegetative and generative phases ...
Nevertheless, we distinguish two main forms of cells:prokaryoticandeukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are found in two groups of single-celled microorganisms, bacteria (singular, bacterium) andarchaea(singular, archaean). All other forms of life, including plants and animals, are composed of eukaryotic ...
To date, known species include at least 100,000 species of fungi, 290,000 plant species, 57,000vertebratespecies (animals with backbones), and 1 million insect species (more than half of all known forms of life)—not to mention the myriad types of single-celled organisms. Researchers identi...
Celled organisms, which have no nervous systems and muscles, move themselves by means of perfectly coordinated motions of cilia on their surfaces (the genetically inherited "dances of cilia"). In these inherited motions, a huge number of muscle fibers, nerve cells, contractile proteins, enzymes, ...
Nevertheless, we distinguish two main forms of cells:prokaryoticandeukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are found in two groups of single-celled microorganisms, bacteria (singular, bacterium) andarchaea(singular, archaean). All other forms of life, including plants and animals, are composed of eukaryotic ...
To date, known species include at least 100,000 species of fungi, 290,000 plant species, 57,000vertebratespecies (animals with backbones), and 1 million insect species (more than half of all known forms of life)—not to mention the myriad types of single-celled organisms. Researchers identi...