Moreover, we rethink the terms 'concept, 'construct', and 'variable' and introduce six clarity criteria to be used in the process of concept refinement in management and organization studies, and other discipli
Drug development based on target proteins has been a successful approach in recent decades. However, the conventional structure-based drug design (SBDD) pipeline is a complex, human-engineered process with multiple independently optimized steps. Here, we
This effect can lower construct validity by clouding the effect of the actual research variable. To reduce this effect, interaction should be kept to a minimum, and assistants should be unaware of the overall aims of the project. See also:Double Blind ExperimentResearch Bias Poor Construct Defini...
Overall, this framework does not provide a broad enough construct for a wider scope of evaluation. Boland et al. [97] developed a two-stage evaluation framework in order to address the gap in specifications relating to user needs. To overcome this, they proposed a combination of quantitative ...
The Theory Underlying Concept Maps and How to Construct and Use them. Technical Report IHMC map tools 2006–01 Rev 01–2008. [On Line]. Available from: http://cmap.ihmc.us/docs/theory-of- conceptmaps.php. 11. Cuthell J, Preston C. The Use of ...
Consider what it means for somexto be a proxy fory. We usually do not mean by this thatxcan replaceytout court. Rather, we have in mind a set ofcontextswithin whichxcan do whateverydoes. For instance, a proxy variable in statistics is a variable that can be used to measure a latent...
In n = 34 glioma patients who experienced post-operative motor or language deficits, we used connectomics to construct single-subject cortical networks. Based on their clinical and connectivity deficit, patients underwent network-specific transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) sessions daily over ...
3 Self‑concept and mathematics achievement We can define academic self-concept as a "mental representations of one's abilities in academic domains and school subjects" (Brunner et al., 2010, p. 964). Self-concept is an extremely important construct, affecting psychologi- cal and ...
Previous validation studies have shown sound construct validity and internal consistency reliability for the SIS-E.21 The internal reliability consistence for the 5 situational interest constructs ranged from 0.65 (exploration) to 0.84 (instant enjoyment) for the sample recruited in this study. A high...
Origin: human intelligence is a natural and inherent capability of humans, while AI is an artificial construct created by humans. Scope: human intelligence is broad and multifaceted, encompassing many different mental abilities and functions, while AI is more specialized and focused on specific tasks...