In this brief summary, I present recent progress on our knowledge of the Giant Planets and Titan atmospheric composition, as well as the impact of this progress on our understanding of Solar System formation, and atmospheric chemistry.doi:10.1017/S1539299600017421T. Fouchet...
Surfaces, atmospheres and magnetospheres of the outer planets, their satellites and ring systems: Part XII 4.1.1 Science mission profile To measure the atmospheric composition, thermal and energy structure, clouds and dynamics requires in situ measurements by a probe carrying a mass spectrometer (atmo...
Chemically and structurally, Earth’sMoonis like the terrestrial planets, but most moons are in the outer solar system, and they have compositions similar to the cores of the giant planets around which they orbit. The three largest moons—Ganymede and Callisto in the jovian system, andTitanin t...
Stars and planets are formed from the same cosmic gas and dust. In the course of the formation process, some of the material condenses and forms rocky planets, the rest is either accumulated by the star or becomes part of gaseous planets. The assumption of a connection between the compositi...
What planets are inner and outer? Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are the inner planets, whereas the outer planets of the solar system are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Why is Mars an inner planet? Mars is an inner planet because it is made up of rocks, orbits closer to the sun...
Planets and Moons A small fraction, about 0.2%, originates from other planets or moons. The most common are: Martian meteorites:These are pieces of rock blasted off the Martian surface by meteoroid impacts. Scientists can identify them by their unique chemical composition and trapped gases that ...
In selecting a composition for an ADI all the effects of minor elements on structure described in previous chapters must be considered in order to produce a sound casting with a high count of good shaped spheroids in a desired matrix free from intercellular carbides. In addition, the iron must...
A glimpse of the Sun The discovery of large variations in oxygen isotope content in primitive meteorites presented a puzzle: either the source materials of the Solar System were isotopically inhomogeneous, or the oxygen-bearing building blocks of meteorites and planets were produced through reaction ...
The population of planets smaller than approximately 1.7 Earth radii (R⊕) is widely interpreted as consisting of rocky worlds, generally referred to as super-Earths. This picture is largely corroborated by radial velocity mass measurements for close-in super-Earths but lacks constraints at lower...
Researchers have proposed a two-step formation process for the Solar System, explaining why inner planets are dry and outer planets are wet. An international team of researchers from theUniversity of Oxford, LMU Munich, ETH Zurich, BGI Bayreuth, and the University of Zuric...