2.2.2 Problems in policy Neoclassical antitrust methods would be tolerable if they predicted the existence or absence of competition with reasonable certainty. However, neoclassical methods have supplied confounding answers in the context of a complex knowledge-economy. Some examples of illogicalities, ...
[…] Just as almost all mathematics is nonlinear, almost all economic phenomena are complex, and a discussion of which problems are illuminated by complexity economics is silly. A more tractable topic would be whether there are any problems it does not illuminate, or should not illuminate.” ...
Another context in which ill-conditioning arises is the lack of independent learning examples. The case of a linear machine offers an example of such a problem, which is clearly expressed by Eq. (3.4.87). It is not only the case in which det(Xˆ′Xˆ)=0 that creates problems ...
This study is addressed to a broad audience of theoreticians (scholars, students and practitioners) as well as policymakers, managers, and activists. Due to its character – a survey and assessment – it is based on short introductory presentations of the ideas associated with complexity and the...
Why do processes of policymaking on migration and (migration-related) diversity so often seem ‘out of control’? This article proposes a new conceptual framework for understanding the role of complexity in the governance of migration and diversity. Complexity literature argues that complex problems li...
1. Essential complexity—This is core to the success of the business domain (a strategic advantage, even) and should be a primary focus of the model.2. Orthogonal complexity—This type of complexity is embedded in the business domain, but is not core to the problem that is being addressed...
But, deception, an application of interdependence, makes even certain contexts uncertain, requiring debate and wide-open channels. We consider deception with case studies later. Among the many examples available of interdependence, when market prices interdependently affect demand, the demand-price ...
I think for a certain class of problems we can do the former, because we have a chance of including uncertainty (i.e. stochastic, not deterministic) by setting up the problem correctly, it just becomes harder when we try to do it for socieconomic kinds of problems. That's partly why ...
Some special learning setups are suggested as model systems for the comparison between the approaches of statistical mechanics and computer science to the theory of computationally hard problems.doi:10.1016/S0304-3975(01)00167-0Andreas EngelElsevier B.V.Theoretical Computer Science...
Communication complexity has provided upper and lower bounds for the complexity of many fundamental communication problems. It has clarified the role which communication plays in distributed and parallel computation as well as in the performance of VLSI circuits. It also applies and has had an impact...