PTSD, and Complex PTSD in female survivors of child abuse which showed them to be clearly different diagnoses, including showinga significant number of people with C-PTSD do not meet the diagnostic criteria for BPD(and vice versa), even when they have some symptoms...
50% had an anxiety disorder other than PTSD (n = 136), 30% had an eating disorder (n = 81), 22% had a substance abuse/dependence disorder (n = 61), and 22% had a somatoform disorder (n = 59) [26].
Importantly, unlike previous formulations of complex PTSD, the type of trauma is a risk factor and not a requirement for consideration of the complex PTSD diagnosis. This notion recognises the role of personal (eg, genetic or dispositional) and environmental (eg, social stressors and support) ris...
National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Karen Mitchell Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Scuola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy Palmiero Monteleone Queensland Brain In...
This emotional conditioning and its resistance to extinction mimic the persistent pathological fears that manifest in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The BLA, ILA, PL, and hippocampus (HPF) are all implicated in fear conditioning1,2 and distinct basal amygdalar cell populations connected with...
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