The strength of adhesive forces between two, unlike surfaces, depends on the mechanism by which the adhesion is going to take place and the surface area on which the adhesive forces act on. The surface energy of a material determines the ability to wet against each other. For example, a su...
Thekey differencebetween spontaneous and nonspontaneous reactions is that thespontaneous reactions have a negativeGibbs free energywhereas the non-spontaneous reactions have a positive Gibbs free energy. Reactions can be either chemical reactions or biological reactions. We can divide these reactions into ...
In contrast to stepwise reactions, the bond breaking and bond-forming in the stepwise reactions occur in different steps (not in a single step). Therefore, the reactants cannot convert into products directly. The “overall reaction” in a stepwise reaction that gives the conversion of reac...
those cells have a very flat discharge curve which can hold the voltage at 1.35 V until the last 5% of the life of the cell. Moreover, the voltage remains within 1% for several years at light load. On the other hand, mercury cells with the mercuric oxide and manganese dioxide ...
Van der Waals vs Hydrogen Bonds Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds are intermolecular attractions between molecules. Some intermolecular forces