the skin and biliary ducts was made.A plastic biliary sent was placed,which relieved the right upper abdominal pain and protected against unnecessary hepatectomy surgery.CONCLUSION Although rare,biliary metastasis should be considered in patients with bile duct stenosis and a history of breast cancer....
How common is breast cancer metastasis? Why is breast cancer more common in females than males? How common is bilateral breast cancer? How common is thyroid cancer in men? How common is testicular cancer? What are the odds of a woman getting breast cancer?
Burstein:Now, for many women with breast cancer, it's a one-time thing. You have a diagnosis. You get treatment. And you had that experience in 2002 and were almost a decade or more out from this when, one day, we had to have a conversation about a recurrence of breast cancer — ...
Breast cancer (BC) is a common cancer in women worldwide. Despite advances in treatment, up to 30% of women eventually relapse and die of metastatic breast cancer. Liquid biopsy analysis of circulating cell-free DNA fragments in the patients’ blood can monitor clonality and evolving mutations ...
Using various model systems, studies have explored the effects of these individual proteases and inhibitors on cancer hallmarks such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis (reviewed in [7, 8]). A novel dimension to the metalloproteinase axis is its ability to regulate many ...
Reliable identification of SNPs associated with breast cancer prognosis may help to under- stand the molecular mechanisms of tumour progression and metastasis. Ultimately, this may lead to the develop- ment of new therapeutic targets. Polygenic risk scores based on multiple risk alleles have been ...
l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp metabolism in disorders ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative disease have stimulated interest in therapeutically targeting the KP,...
How common is bone cancer? How common is breast cancer metastasis? What is stomach cancer? How common is prostate cancer? How common is spinal cancer? How common is uterine cancer? What type of cancer is stomach cancer? How common is lung cancer?
Neovascularization and increased glycolysis, two universal characteristics of solid tumors, represent adaptations to a hypoxic microenvironment that are correlated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and lethality. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates transcription of genes encoding glucose...
Heterogeneity of tumor cells in the bone microenvironment: mechanisms and therapeutic targets for bone metastasis of prostate or breast cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016;99(pt B):206–211. 63. Lamora A, Talbot J, Mullard M, Brounais-Le Royer B, Redini F, Verrecchia F. TGF-β signaling ...