The diameter of each yarn was measured using a standard handheld thickness gauge and 10 measurements were taken for each of the 15 yarns, and the mean diameter was calculated. The linear density test was operated according to ASTM D1577. An IDM Instruments Cantilever Stiffness tester was used ...
Total soluble solids (TSS) were determined by measuring the refractive index of apple juice diluted 1:1 after 20 days of incubation using a handheld digital refractometer Model PAL-1 (Atago, Tokyo Tech., Tokyo, Japan) and the result was expressed as °Brix [33,34]. 2.9.4. Titratable Acid...