the empire had been severely weakened. In the longer term, the rise of Turkish power in Anatolia eventually gave rise to the Ottoman Empire which rapidly conquered the former Byzantine heartland over the course of the 14th and 15th centuries, culminating in the Fall of Constantinople...
It was a genre which, although superficially dependent on classical models, based its conception of historical causation on a very Byzantine preoccupation, the character and deeds of individual emperors. For Choniates, the main reason for the collapse of the empire was the weaknesses of the ...
What caused the Western Roman Empire to fall? Who ruled the Akkadian Empire? Why did the Harappan civilization collapse? What brought about the downfall of the Sumerians? How did the Akkadian Empire began? What are four causes of the collapse of the Byzantine Empire?
1. The Beginning of the End o The Roman Empire did not collapse overnight. First, it became divided between the East, under Constantinople and the West, ruled by several different leaders. This double-reign was a new concept that weakened the empire. Infighting over leadership and decaying go...
(2017) argues that climate and plague are key to the history of the Eastern Roman, or Byzantine Empire, and the unfolding of the sixth century AD and after. Cable (2020) focuses on the role of megadrought in demographic changes in the Mississippi and South Carolina region in the 15th ...
See also: “How Do You Know If You’re Living Through the Death of an Empire?” (Spoiler alert: it’s the little things…) *P.J. O’Rourke,Parliament of Whores ### As we think systemically,we might recall that it was on this date in 1912 that theRMS Titanic, a state-of-the-art...
And so it is that modern civilization appears on the surface to be very robust at sustaining itself, but not when the shocks are coming at us more frequently and with growing intensity. ToquoteLuke Kemp, aka ‘Dr. Doom’, a research affiliate at the Center for the Study of Existential Ri...
with almost all of Anatolia being under the Hittite sphere of influence (Extended Data Fig.1). During this time, the Hittite Empire vied with the Egyptian Empire for sociopolitical dominance in the Near East, a struggle that culminated in the largest battle of the era at Kadesh in Syria in...
Srivijaya, the Kara-Khanid Khanate in Central Asia, the Goryeo kingdom in Korea, and other countries that were also trade partners with Japan. Chinese records even mention an embassy from the ruler of “Fu lin” (i.e. the Byzantine Empire), Michael VII Doukas, and its arrival in 1081. ...
Caves and their deposits, such as dripstones, are among the most important climate archives that exist. They allow the reconstruction of climatic conditions above the caves up to several 100,000 years into the past. Since it is still not clear what caused the sudden collapse of the Lian...