Pennsylvania's coal mining legacy, unregulated mining prior to 1977, has left us with more than 250,000 impacted acres, and more than 5,200 miles of biologically dead streams. Through the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act's (SMCRA) Abandoned Mine Lands Fund (AMLF) the state has ...
Affected by the impact of coal mining, main carbon sink factors such as vegetation and soil in mining area are disturbed in different degree, the carbon amount change measurement of them is one of the main coal mining environmental externalities According to the change of soil erosion,, land us...
on Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1974); see Louise C. Dunlap, An Analysisof the II (1976); Robert A. Waters, A Summary of the Legislative History of the Surface Mining Congress initially also created an exception where an "operation affects two acres or lessR.E. Beck...
Delta Dunia Group has entered into a binding agreement with Peabody Energy to acquire a controlling interest in the Dawson Coal Mining Complex, one of Australia’s largest metallurgical coal mines. Anglo American agrees sale of remaining steelmaking coal portfolio to Peabody Energy Tuesday 26 Novem...
India completes the nationalization of its coal industry with the passage of the Coal Mines Nationalization Act. The Indian state-controlled coal mining company becomes known as Coal India Limited. Headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal, it will grow to be one of the world’s largest coal companie...
coal mining negatively affects water quality, a quantitative synthesis of biodiversity impacts is currently lacking. Here, we show that mining under current federal statutes—the 1972 Clean Water Act and the 1977 Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act—has negative implications for freshwater biota....
of the soil/spoils to which it is applied, (iii) the response of plants grown on media treated with ash, (iv) potential uses of FA in mine spoil reclamation, (v) probable environmental constraints for sustained use of FA and (vi) limitations for the bulk use of FA in mining situations...
CrayfishEcdysozoaEdible CrustaceansEndangered Species ActMalacostracaCoal MiningWest VirginiaCenter For Biological Diversity LOUISVILLE, Ky. — A federal lawsuit from an environmental group alleges two protected crayfish species are being harmed by coal mining in Kentucky, Virginia and West Virginia. The ...
It became necessary to find another source of energy, and coal mining expanded greatly. As large-scale coal mining developed, mines became deeper and often were flooded with water. England was desperately in need of a means to remove the water from the mines and, consequently, the first ...
Although the models have proved applicable in deter- mining the coal utilization technology to implement for those particular coals, they were specifically developed for coals rich in minerals hence difficult to beneficiate for coals Table 6 Coal utilization basing on hydrogen and carbon contents as ...