An LCA evaluation of the integration of the urea production plant to a steel mill, for using off gases and surplus streams (H2, steam, etc.) showed an emission reduction better than 65%, when renewable energy (wind) was employed98. An LCA addressing the interplay between energy consumption ...
The CO2 emission factors for natural gas (0.2 kg CO2/kWh) is obtained from the Swiss national inventory report (FOEN, 2023) and the CO2 emission factor for electricity generation is assumed to be 0.12 kg CO2/kWh (Krebs and Frischknecht, 2021). The current CO2 levy of 120 CHF/tonne CO2...
Average emission intensity for cars: Levon Amatun71, 228 g CO2-eq/km (4 passengers per car); Average emission intensity for buses: Levon Amatuni71, 187 g CO2-eq/km (30 passengers per bus); Average emission intensity for motorcycles: Gerson Carranza72, 97 g CO2-eq/km (1 passenge...
The global warming induced by the emission of greenhouse gases, especially the carbon dioxide, has become the global climate and environmental issues. Chin
However, the data at hand on China side does not allow for covering all greenhouse gas emissions. In order to keep consistency, emission factors provided in EN 16258: 2012 are not used in this current research. 2.2. International deep-sea shipping The carbon emission model for container ships...
Annual heating load (GJ), Equipment efficiency (%), CO2 emission from primary and secondary energy (kg-CO2), Primary and secondary energy consumption (Heat pump air conditioner: kWh, City gas and LP gas:m3, Kerosene stove: L, Wood biomass boiler: kg), Calorific value per unit of each ...
It should be noted that the oxy-fuel combustion system requires additional equipment, such as air separation units (for oxygen generation), flue gas circulation systems, and CO2 condenser/compressors to be compatible with traditional air combustion systems [17]. High energy consumption (200 kWh/...
CO2 capacity in oxy-fuel gas turbine unit kg/h 201.64 CO2 utilization in MSU kg/h 499.95 CO2 emission from whole system kg/h 7.98 Fig. 3 shows the power supplied and consumed by all the subsystems. According to the figure, the Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell system consumes 824 kW of powe...
Assuming that the yearly electricity consumption is (Eel) and an indirect emission factor (β), it can be written: (TEW I)ind = Eel ·β·N (17) For Athens (Greece), the parameter (β) is assumed to be 0.72 kg CO2,eq kWh−1 [3,37]. The yearly electrical efficiency is ...
an electrification of the private vehicle fleet requires the use of electric delivery vehicles in the future if energy savings and emission reductions are still to be made Interpreting the results, the limitations of this study have to be considered, as they can affect the positions of the break...